an investigation on the effects of friction and heat transfer on flow within the inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine by finite- volume method

designing and optimization of the intake manifold is one of the important steps in the development of the internal combustion engines. in this paper, the flow inside the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine is investigated by numerical modeling. the convective flux models are adopted to simulate the unsteady compressible flow behavior. to solve the governing equations, for calculating the flow specifications, a fortran 90 code was written by the authors by different finite-volume methods. three schemes, namely second-order averaging, first-order upwind and second-order roe have been applied and their performance was compared in terms of computational efficiency. the inlet and outlet conditions are modeled by a combination of characteristics and extrapolation. to obtain better accuracy and a realistic flow model, wall friction and heat transfer terms have been included and the effects of friction and heat transfer on flow specifications have been investigated. for validation of our work, comparsions between our results and the other researchers have been done.